Human nature refers to the core dispositions, instincts, and tendencies that seem to be shared by all members of our species. It captures the way we think, feel, and act, not only as individuals but as a collective. This idea has fascinated philosophers, scientists, and artists for thousands of years — because understanding what it means to be human means understanding ourselves. Across history, thinkers have tried to define the “essence” of humanity: Classical Philosophy : Ancient Greek philosophers like Aristotle described human beings as rational animals , uniquely equipped for reason, language, and moral reflection. He believed that living in accordance with virtue and fulfilling one’s potential was the highest goal of human life. Social Contract Theorists : In the 17th century, Thomas Hobbes argued that without societal rules, human life would be “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short,” seeing people as driven largely by self-interest. In contrast, Jean-Jacques Roussea...